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Government-funded study examines cognitive training over 10 years

Few studies have been published on the long-term effects of cognitive training, thanks to the difficulty of mounting such a large-scale research endeavor. But a longitudinal study funded by the National Institutes of Health has sought to close this information gap.

Back in 2002, thousands of older adult participants in the study received a short period of in-person cognitive training from specialists. Very recently, 10 years after the study’s completion, these same adults were reevaluated. Researchers found that those who received certain types of in-person training still performed at or above baseline on tests of those trained cognitive abilities, compared to a control group.

12 hours of training 10 years ago

During the original 2002 study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association, these older adults (average age 73.6 at the time) had been randomly split into groups that trained either memory, speed of processing, or reasoning.

Those who trained went to group sessions with specialists who taught and demonstrated strategies; led participants through example problems and exercises; and provided feedback. Training participants spent 10-12 hours over the course of several weeks with their trainers, while a control group of older adults received no training.

Before training, all participants took a test to establish their baseline performance for each of these cognitive abilities. 1, 2, 3, 5, and now 10 years after the training, participants were tested again using the same assessments

Above-baseline performance on certain tests

Of the over 1,200 participants still in the study at the 10 year mark, 73.6% of those who trained reasoning and 70.7% of those who trained speed of processing were still performing at or above baseline, compared to 60% and 50% of participants in their respective control groups. Though memory improvements had been measured as recently as the 5 year mark, they were no longer visible in these 10-year results.

On average, participants who trained any of the three cognitive skills 10 years ago also self-reported that they were better able to perform the tasks of daily life when compared to the control group.

While this study relied on in-person training and didn’t involve the Lumosity product, it’s always exciting to hear of cognitive training results gathered from populations of this magnitude. The more researchers continue to explore this rich topic, the more we’ll uncover more about the potential of the human brain.

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