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The Evening: Syria, Iran, Straight Into Darkness and More
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** Good Evening,
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It's Monday, April 9th.


** Syria Action
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President Donald Trump promised quick action today in response to a “barbaric” suspected chemical weapons attack in Syria and said that all options including military action were on the table. Speaking at a Cabinet meeting, Trump said a decision would be made within 48 hours and might come as soon as the end of the day, as Reuters’ Steve Holland and Suleiman Al-Khalidi report (https://www.reuters.com/article/us-mideast-crisis-syria/trump-vows-quick-action-on-barbaric-syria-chemical-attack-idUSKBN1HG0D8?utm_source=CSIS+All&utm_campaign=a1183266e7-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2018_04_09&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_f326fc46b6-a1183266e7-145367789) .

Dive Deeper: “Military Strikes on Syria: Historical Lessons and Implications (http://www.washingtoninstitute.org/policy-analysis/view/military-strikes-on-syria-historical-lessons-and-implications?utm_source=CSIS+All&utm_campaign=a1183266e7-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2018_04_09&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_f326fc46b6-a1183266e7-145367789) ,” by the Washington Institute’s Michael Eisenstadt.

“It’s Time for Action on Syria’s Chemical Weapons, Not Pointing Fingers (https://foreignpolicy.com/2017/04/05/its-time-for-action-on-syrias-chemical-weapons-not-pointing-fingers/?utm_source=CSIS+All&utm_campaign=a1183266e7-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2018_04_09&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_f326fc46b6-a1183266e7-145367789) ,” via CSIS’s Rebecca Hersman writing for Foreign Policy one year ago this week.


** Iran Nuclear Deal
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Iranian President Hassan Rouhani said today that the U.S. would regret withdrawing from the nuclear deal, and that Iran would respond in "less than a week" if that happened, as AFP reports (https://www.cbsnews.com/news/iran-us-would-regret-violating-nuclear-deal-president-hassan-rouhani-warning/?utm_source=CSIS+All&utm_campaign=a1183266e7-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2018_04_09&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_f326fc46b6-a1183266e7-145367789) .

Dive Deeper: U.S. Strategy, the JCPOA Iranian Nuclear Arms Agreement, and the Gulf: Playing the Long Game (https://www.csis.org/analysis/us-strategy-jcpoa-iranian-nuclear-arms-agreement-and-gulf-playing-long-game?utm_source=CSIS+All&utm_campaign=a1183266e7-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2018_04_09&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_f326fc46b6-a1183266e7-145367789) , by CSIS’s Anthony Cordesman.

“Why Iran Won't Rush to a Bomb if Trump Pulls Out of the Nuclear Deal (https://www.cfr.org/article/why-iran-wont-rush-bomb-if-trump-pulls-out-nuclear-deal?utm_source=CSIS+All&utm_campaign=a1183266e7-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2018_04_09&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_f326fc46b6-a1183266e7-145367789) ,” by CFR’s Reuel Marc Gerecht and Ray Takeyh.


** Summit with NK
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President Trump said today that a meeting with the North Korean leader, Kim Jong Un, would take place “in May or early June,” as
Politico’s Christiano Lima reports (https://www.politico.com/story/2018/04/09/trump-kim-jong-un-meeting-schedule-509917?utm_source=CSIS+All&utm_campaign=a1183266e7-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2018_04_09&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_f326fc46b6-a1183266e7-145367789) .


** China Installed Military Jamming Equipment on Spratly Islands
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China has installed equipment on two of its fortified outposts in the Spratly Islands capable of jamming communications and radar systems, a significant step in its creeping militarization of the South China Sea U.S. officials say, as the Wall Street Journal’s Michael Gordon and Jeremy Page report (https://www.wsj.com/articles/china-installed-military-jamming-equipment-on-spratly-islands-u-s-says-1523266320?mod=djemalertNEWS&utm_source=CSIS+All&utm_campaign=a1183266e7-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2018_04_09&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_f326fc46b6-a1183266e7-145367789) .

Dive Deeper: Visit CSIS’s interactive micro-website, AMTI, and view our South China Sea “Island Tracker (https://amti.csis.org/island-tracker/?utm_source=CSIS+All&utm_campaign=a1183266e7-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2018_04_09&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_f326fc46b6-a1183266e7-145367789) .”


** Your Questions
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We’re always providing you with our experts' answers to complex problems. Do you have any questions that you would like us to ask the experts? If you do, please email me your question(s) to aschwartz@csis.org (mailto:aschwartz@csis.org?subject=Your%20Questions) . We’ll publish some of the best Q & A.


** Executive M.A. from CSIS/Syracuse U
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CSIS & Syracuse University's Maxwell School of Citizenship and Public Affairs offer Executive Master's in International Relations. Information here (https://www.maxwell.syr.edu/dc/emir/?utm_source=CSIS+All&utm_campaign=a1183266e7-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2018_04_09&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_f326fc46b6-a1183266e7-145367789) .


** In That Number
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** $1 trillion
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The federal government’s annual budget deficit is set to widen significantly in the next few years, topping $1 trillion in 2020.
Source: Congressional Budget Office (https://www.cbo.gov/publication/53651?utm_source=CSIS+All&utm_campaign=a1183266e7-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2018_04_09&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_f326fc46b6-a1183266e7-145367789) .


** Critical Quote
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** “@POTUS's pledge to withdraw from #Syria has only emboldened Assad, backed by Russia & Iran, to commit more war crimes in #Douma.”
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—Senator John McCain (https://twitter.com/SenJohnMcCain/status/983065571825680384?utm_source=CSIS+All&utm_campaign=a1183266e7-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2018_04_09&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_f326fc46b6-a1183266e7-145367789) (R-AZ).


** iDeas Lab
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Die Welt
New from CSIS’s Technology Policy Program (https://www.csis.org/blogs/technology-policy-blog/scoping-law-enforcements-encrypted-messaging-problem?utm_source=CSIS+All&utm_campaign=a1183266e7-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2018_04_09&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_f326fc46b6-a1183266e7-145367789) : “The most popular mobile messaging apps incorporate unrecoverable, end-to-end encryption that make it more challenging for law enforcement to collect critical digital evidence.” To learn more about the impact of encryption on law enforcement access data, see a CSIS report here (https://www.csis.org/programs/technology-policy-program/intelligence-surveillance-and-privacy/effect-encryption-lawful?utm_source=CSIS+All&utm_campaign=a1183266e7-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2018_04_09&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_f326fc46b6-a1183266e7-145367789) .

The Andreas C. Dracopoulos iDeas Lab at CSIS enhances our research with the latest in cutting-edge web technologies, design, and video.


** Optics
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Die Welt (Photo credit: Alex Wong/Getty Images.) Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg today on Capitol Hill.


** Recommended Reading
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“Virtual War – A Revolution in Human Affairs (http://smallwarsjournal.com/jrnl/art/virtual-war-revolution-human-affairs?utm_source=CSIS+All&utm_campaign=a1183266e7-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2018_04_09&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_f326fc46b6-a1183266e7-145367789) ,” by Stefan Banach for
Small Wars Journal.


** This Town Tomorrow
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At 9:30 a.m., join the Wilson Center for a discussion on meeting the challenges of poor water quality (https://www.wilsoncenter.org/event/sustainable-water-resilient-communities-solutions-for-dirty-water?utm_source=CSIS+All&utm_campaign=a1183266e7-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2018_04_09&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_f326fc46b6-a1183266e7-145367789) : improving sanitation and hygiene, addressing agricultural pollution, and increasing water supplies through wastewater reuse.


** Video
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Today CSIS’s Russia and Eurasia Program hosted a discussion on how current Russian military capabilities have evolved to enable coordinated, multi-domain operations. Watch the full discussion here (https://www.csis.org/events/russian-way-warfare?utm_source=CSIS+All&utm_campaign=a1183266e7-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2018_04_09&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_f326fc46b6-a1183266e7-145367789) .


** Sounds
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On the latest episode of the CSIS Podcast, Melissa Dalton discusses what an American troop exit from Syria would mean and the wider issue of stabilizing a post-conflict country.

Listen on Apple Podcasts (https://itunes.apple.com/us/itunes-u/the-csis-podcast/id383703191?utm_source=CSIS+All&utm_campaign=a1183266e7-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2018_04_09&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_f326fc46b6-a1183266e7-145367789) and SoundCloud (https://soundcloud.com/csis-57169780/syria-is-the-u-s-in-or-out?utm_source=CSIS+All&utm_campaign=a1183266e7-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2018_04_09&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_f326fc46b6-a1183266e7-145367789) .


** Smiles
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I just came across a really terrific clip of Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers performing one of my favorite songs, “Straight Into Darkness (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yONs2C6od-g&utm_source=CSIS+All&utm_campaign=a1183266e7-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2018_04_09&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_f326fc46b6-a1183266e7-145367789) ” at Farm Aid in 1985. I hadn’t seen this clip and it reminded me of how many times Tom Petty and company made me smile over the last four decades. Enjoy!
I invite you to email me at aschwartz@csis.org (mailto:aschwartz@csis.org) and follow me on Twitter @handrewschwartz (https://www.twitter.com/handrewschwartz?utm_source=CSIS+All&utm_campaign=a1183266e7-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2018_04_09&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_f326fc46b6-a1183266e7-145367789)

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The Evening is my daily guide to key insights CSIS brings to the events of the day. It is composed with the External Relations team: Colm Quinn, Sofie Kodner, and Jackie Ramsay.

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