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Good Evening,

Welcome to The Evening CSIS—my daily guide to key insights CSIS brings to the events of the day plus HIGHLY RECOMMENDED content from around the world. To subscribe, please send me an email at aschwartz@csis.org (mailto:aschwartz@csis.org) .


** Curbing the Nuclear Threat
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Leaders from more than 50 countries gathered in Washington today at the behest of President Obama to try to reduce the threat from nuclear weapons. But the Nuclear Security Summit, the fourth and possibly last of these gatherings, opened with a palpably subdued atmosphere as the New York Times’s Mark Landler reports (http://www.nytimes.com/2016/04/01/world/nuclear-security-summit-obama.html?hpw&rref=world&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region®ion=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well) .

Later in the day, President Obama joined with South Korean President Park Geun-hye and Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe to present a united front over what he called "provocations" committed by North Korea in its recent nuclear and missile tests.

President Obama held separate talks with President Xi Jinping of China, and said they both wanted to see "full implementation" of the latest United Nations sanctions against Pyongyang. But Xi offered no sign that Beijing was prepared to go beyond its consent to the UN Security Council measures imposed in early March, as Reuters’ Jeff Mason and Matt Spetalnick report (http://www.reuters.com/article/us-nuclear-summit-usa-asia-idUSKCN0WX28X) .

And, as USA Today’s David Jackson reports (http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/2016/03/31/obama-xi-jinping-china-climate-change/82483840/) , despite ongoing disputes over cyber, intellectual property, and the South China Sea, the US and China today struck deals on climate change as well as nuclear security.

Dive Deeper: Read the US-China Joint Statement on Nuclear Security Cooperation (https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2016/03/31/us-china-joint-statement-nuclear-security-cooperation) .

Nuclear Threat Initiative (NTI) Vice Chairman Des Browne delivered a keynote speech to the 2016 NGO Nuclear Summit, the text of which can be read in full here (http://nti.org/121S) .

Plus, CFR’s Scott Snyder today published a new expert brief, “Will China Change its North Korea Policy? (http://www.cfr.org/north-korea/china-change-its-north-korea-policy/p37717) ”


** Are you going to Scarborough Shoal?
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While aboard the USS Chancellorsville the New York Times’s Helene Cooper reports (http://www.nytimes.com/2016/03/31/world/asia/south-china-sea-us-navy.html?ref=world) in a page one story today about the US and China jockeying for dominance of the Pacific.

Dive Deeper: CSIS’s Gregory Poling and Zack Cooper today published a new commentary for the CSIS Asia Maritime Transparency Initiative (AMTI) “Developing a Scarborough Contingency Plan (http://amti.csis.org/developing-scarborough-contingency-plan/) .”

Plus, CSIS’s Cooper and CNAS’s Mira Rapp-Hooper today published an Op-ed for the Wall Street Journal, “Protecting the Rule of Law on the South China Sea (http://www.wsj.com/articles/protecting-the-rule-of-law-on-the-south-china-sea-1459441981) .”


** China's Long Range Missiles
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The Financial Times’s Charles Clover reports (https://next.ft.com/content/e0ce3744-f70a-11e5-803c-d27c7117d132) that a new generation of Chinese intercontinental ballistic missiles may come into service as early as this year with a range that can hit any part of the US while carrying multiple warheads.

And, the FT’s Geoff Dyer reports (https://next.ft.com/content/14bcff98-f753-11e5-96db-fc683b5e52db) that the US, despite hosting this week’s nuclear security summit, is facing criticism for its plans to modernize the US nuclear arsenal.

Dive Deeper: CSIS’s Christopher Johnson has published a must read new report, President Xi Jinping’s "Belt and Road" Initiative: A Practical Assessment of the Chinese Communist Party’s Roadmap for China’s Global Resurgence (http://csis.org/publication/president-xi-jinpings-belt-and-road-initiative)


** In that Number
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** 20%
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US highly enriched uranium inventories decreased by 20% from 1996 to 2013, according to newly declassified data. Source: White House (https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2016/03/31/fact-sheet-transparency-us-highly-enriched-uranium-inventory)


** Critical Quote
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** “A robust, sustained, and visible presence by US ships and aircraft will help demonstrate to China and the other states in the region that the US has the capability and will to uphold the rules-based order.”
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—CSIS Japan Chair fellow Zack Cooper and CNAS Asia-Pacific Security Program senior fellow Mira Rapp-Hooper on the need to protect the rule of law in the South China Sea.Source: Wall Street Journal (http://www.wsj.com/articles/protecting-the-rule-of-law-on-the-south-china-sea-1459441981)


** One to Watch
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(Photo Credit: Matthew Bodner.)

Matthew Bodner (@mattb0401 (https://twitter.com/mattb0401) ) covers international affairs, defense, and space policy for the Moscow Times (http://www.themoscowtimes.com/sitemap/authors/488945.html) and serves as a Moscow correspondent for Defense News. For the latest news on Russia's military, Matt is one to watch.


** Optics
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Reuters has a photo roundup (http://www.reuters.com/news/picture/battle-for-mosul-begins?articleId=USRTSCWOB) of Iraqi forces as they work to retake Mosul.


** Highly Recommended
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Via the Atlantic’s Edward Delman, an interesting piece (http://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2016/03/obama-doctrine-wars-numbers/474531/) on the “Obama doctrine,” by the numbers.


** CSIS Today
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Today CSIS hosted “Working with Pacific Allies and Partners in Amphibious Operations (http://csis.org/event/working-pacific-allies-and-partners-amphibious-operations) ,” a conference on regional engagement and the U.S. Marine Corps.

CSIS also hosted the Washington book launch of The Envoy by Amb. Zalmay Khalilzad. Bob Schieffer moderated an insightful discussion with Amb. Khalilzad. Watch On Demand here (http://csis.org/event/schieffer-series-book-launch-envoy-amb-zalmay-khalilzad) .


** CSIS Tomorrow
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Join us tomorrow at 10:00 a.m. for “Statoil New Energy Solutions 2016.” CSIS’s Sarah Ladislaw will discuss the role energy companies might play in the transition to a global low carbon economy with Irene Rummelhoff, executive vice president for new energy solutions at Statoil. Register or watch live here (http://csis.org/event/statoil-new-energy-solutions-2016) .


** This Town Tomorrow
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CSIS held a press briefing on the 2016 Nuclear Security Summit earlier this week. Listen to the audio here (http://csis.org/multimedia/audio-press-briefing-2016-nuclear-security-summit-0) or read the transcript here (http://csis.org/files/attachments/160329_Press_Briefing_Nuclear_Security_Summit.pdf) .


** CSIS on Demand
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CSIS’s Smart Women, Smart Power Series hosted 45 current and former US ambassadors yesterdays to explore issues contributing to global insecurity, mass migration, refugees, and war. Video is available On Demand here (http://csis.informz.net/z/cjUucD9taT01NDQ4NTEyJnA9MSZ1PTEwNjI1NTcxMTQmbGk9MzQxNDQ5NzM/index.html) .


** Sounds
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The latest episode of Jeffrey Lewis’s Arms Control Wonk podcast “South Korea and The Bomb (http://www.armscontrolwonk.com/archive/1201261/south-korea-and-the-bomb/) ” covers South Korea’s nuclear weapon history and constraints on proliferation.


** I Like It Like That
Eye-catching things in CSIS's orbit
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The Washington Post’s collection of Cherry Blossom photos (https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/capital-weather-gang/wp/2016/03/30/photos-cherry-blossoms-peaked-16-days-earlier-this-year-than-last-year/) comparing last year to this year.


** Smiles
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I’m glad everyone liked Daniel Lanois yesterday. In addition to his work as a producer in the late 1980s, crafting the sonic architecture of bands like U2 and the Neville Brothers, Lanois also refashioned Bob Dylan’s music.

Shuttling between Dublin and New Orleans from ’87-‘89 Lanois produced U2’s “Joshua Tree,” Dylan’s “Oh Mercy,” and the Nevilles’ “Yellow Moon.” He also managed to produce his own solo debut album, “Acadie.”

I was living in New Orleans at that time not far from where Lanios recorded “Oh Mercy,” “Yellow Moon,” and “Acadie.”

The day “Acadie” hit record stores, I happened to be browsing in one of my favorite record shops on Tchopitoulas Street. I quickly snapped up “Acadie” on this then new format called the “compact disc.” It was one of the first CD’s I owned and I raced home about 4 blocks to our Camp Street house to listen to it with my friends.

On Valence Street, just around the corner from our house on Camp Street, lived our musical heroes and neighbors: Art, Aaron, Charles and Cyril Neville, the Neville Brothers. Best of all, our neighbors, the famously talented Neville Brothers let us hang out with them all the time. So we knew they had been recording “Yellow Moon” with Lanois—a groundbreaking, Grammy winning record.

We also knew that they had all played on Lanios’ “Acadie,” and we couldn’t wait to hear how it came out.

From the first bars of the album’s second track “The Maker,” we knew we were hearing something legendary.

The original recorded version of “The Maker” features the golden vocals of Aaron Neville juxtaposed against Lanois’ own mystical phrasing. Unfortunately, I don’t have a video clip of Aaron and Lanois performing “The Maker” to show you. I’ve been lucky enough to see them perform it together in person and deeply wish I had a clip to share.

But don’t worry, the essence of this magical song is evident here (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qBw3S9IAKPc) .


** Feedback
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I always welcome and benefit from your feedback. Please drop me a line ataschwartz@csis.org.


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